Nikkel
28
Ni
Gruppe
10
Periode
4
Blokk
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
28
28
31
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
28
Atomvekt
58,6934
Massetall
59
Kategori
Transisjonsmetaller
Farge
Grå
Radioaktiv
Nei
From the German word Nickel (Satan), and from kupfernickel, Old Nick's copper
Krystallstruktur
Face Centered Cubic
Historie
Artifacts made from metallic meteorites have been found dating from as early as 5000 BC.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 16, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Ar] 3d8 4s2
Nickel is 100 times more concentrated below Earth's crust than in it
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
8,912 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1728,15 K | 1455 °C | 2651 °F
Kokepunkt
3186,15 K | 2913 °C | 5275,4 °F
Smeltevarme
17,2 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
378 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,444 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
0,0089%
Forekomst i universet
0,006%
CAS Number
7440-02-0
PubChem CID Number
935
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
124 pm
Kovalent radius
124 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,91 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
7,6398 eV
Molart volum
6,59 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
0,907 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Bruksområder
Nickel is used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Nickel and its compounds are considered to be carcinogenic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni, 64NiUstabile isotoper
48Ni, 49Ni, 50Ni, 51Ni, 52Ni, 53Ni, 54Ni, 55Ni, 56Ni, 57Ni, 59Ni, 63Ni, 65Ni, 66Ni, 67Ni, 68Ni, 69Ni, 70Ni, 71Ni, 72Ni, 73Ni, 74Ni, 75Ni, 76Ni, 77Ni, 78Ni