Kadmium

48
Cd
Gruppe
12
Periode
5
Blokk
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
48
48
64
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
48
Atomvekt
112,411
Massetall
112
Kategori
Transisjonsmetaller
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
From the Latin word cadmia, Greek kadmeia - the ancient name for calamine, zinc carbonate
Krystallstruktur
Simple Hexagonal
Historie
Cadmium was discovered by German chemist Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817 as an impurity in zinc carbonate.

Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.

Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
Cd
Cadmium is a soft metal which is easily cut with a knife
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
8,69 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
594,22 K | 321,07 °C | 609,93 °F
Kokepunkt
1040,15 K | 767 °C | 1412,6 °F
Smeltevarme
6,3 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
100 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,232 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
0,000015%
Forekomst i universet
2×10-7%
A
Bildekreditter: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
A crystal cadmium bar made by the flux process
CAS Number
7440-43-9
PubChem CID Number
23973
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
151 pm
Kovalent radius
144 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,69 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
8,9938 eV
Molart volum
13,1 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
0,968 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
1, 2
Bruksområder
Cadmium is a key component in battery production.

It is also is used in electroplating.

Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.

Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
Cadmium and its compounds are highly toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
106Cd, 108Cd, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 114Cd
Ustabile isotoper
95Cd, 96Cd, 97Cd, 98Cd, 99Cd, 100Cd, 101Cd, 102Cd, 103Cd, 104Cd, 105Cd, 107Cd, 109Cd, 113Cd, 115Cd, 116Cd, 117Cd, 118Cd, 119Cd, 120Cd, 121Cd, 122Cd, 123Cd, 124Cd, 125Cd, 126Cd, 127Cd, 128Cd, 129Cd, 130Cd, 131Cd, 132Cd