Plutonium
94
Pu
Gruppe
I/T
Periode
7
Blokk
f
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
94
94
150
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
94
Atomvekt
[244]
Massetall
244
Kategori
Aktinoider
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Ja
Named after the planet Pluto
Krystallstruktur
Enkelt monoklin
Historie
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
19,816 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
912,55 K | 639,4 °C | 1182,92 °F
Kokepunkt
3501,15 K | 3228 °C | 5842,4 °F
Smeltevarme
I/T kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
325 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
- J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
I/T
Forekomst i universet
I/T
Bildekreditter: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS-nummer
7440-07-5
PubChem Sammensatt identifikasjonsnummer (CID-nummer)
23940
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
159 pm
Kovalent radius
187 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,28 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
6,0262 eV
Molart volum
12,32 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
0,0674 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Bruksområder
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
-Ustabile isotoper
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu