Kalium
19
K
Gruppe
1
Periode
4
Blokk
s
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
19
19
20
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
19
Atomvekt
39,0983
Massetall
39
Kategori
Alkalimetaller
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
From the English word, potash - pot ashes; Latin kalium, Arab qali, alkali
Krystallstruktur
Body Centered Cubic
Historie
Potassium's symbol K comes from 'kalium' the name of the element in Germany and Scandinavia.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 8, 1
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Ar] 4s1
People whose diets are low in potassium can suffer from hypokalemia
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
0,862 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
336,53 K | 63,38 °C | 146,08 °F
Kokepunkt
1032,15 K | 759 °C | 1398,2 °F
Smeltevarme
2,33 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
76,9 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,757 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
1,5%
Forekomst i universet
0,0003%
CAS Number
7440-09-7
PubChem CID Number
5462222
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
227 pm
Kovalent radius
203 pm
Elektronegativitet
0,82 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
4,3407 eV
Molart volum
45,46 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
1,024 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
-1, 1
Bruksområder
The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium must be handled with great care with full skin and eye protection
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
39K, 41KUstabile isotoper
32K, 33K, 34K, 35K, 36K, 37K, 38K, 40K, 42K, 43K, 44K, 45K, 46K, 47K, 48K, 49K, 50K, 51K, 52K, 53K, 54K, 55K