Kalsium
20
Ca
Gruppe
2
Periode
4
Blokk
s
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
20
20
20
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
20
Atomvekt
40,078
Massetall
40
Kategori
Jordalkalimetaller
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
From the Latin word calx, lime
Krystallstruktur
Face Centered Cubic
Historie
Calcium was known as early as the first century when the Ancient Romans prepared lime as calcium oxide.
Calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 when he electrolyzed a mixture of lime and mercuric oxide.
Davy was trying to isolate calcium; when he heard that Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, he tried it himself.
Calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 when he electrolyzed a mixture of lime and mercuric oxide.
Davy was trying to isolate calcium; when he heard that Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, he tried it himself.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 8, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Ar] 4s2
The shell of an egg is made up of primarily calcium carbonate
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
1,54 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1115,15 K | 842 °C | 1547,6 °F
Kokepunkt
1757,15 K | 1484 °C | 2703,2 °F
Smeltevarme
8,54 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
155 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,647 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
5%
Forekomst i universet
0,007%
Bildekreditter: Wikimedia Commons (Matthias Zepper)
Pure calcium in a protective argon gas atmosphere
CAS Number
7440-70-2
PubChem CID Number
5460341
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
197 pm
Kovalent radius
176 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,00 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
6,1132 eV
Molart volum
29,9 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
2,01 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
1, 2
Bruksområder
Calcium is used to remove oxygen, sulfur and carbon from alloys.
It is also used as an alloying agent used in the production of aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
Calcium is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of other metals, such as uranium, zirconium, and thorium.
Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime and limestone.
It is also used as an alloying agent used in the production of aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
Calcium is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of other metals, such as uranium, zirconium, and thorium.
Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime and limestone.
Calcium is considered to be non-toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
40Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, 44Ca, 46CaUstabile isotoper
34Ca, 35Ca, 36Ca, 37Ca, 38Ca, 39Ca, 41Ca, 45Ca, 47Ca, 48Ca, 49Ca, 50Ca, 51Ca, 52Ca, 53Ca, 54Ca, 55Ca, 56Ca, 57Ca