Scandium
21
Sc
Gruppe
3
Periode
4
Blokk
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
21
21
24
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
21
Atomvekt
44,955912
Massetall
45
Kategori
Transisjonsmetaller
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
From the Latin word Scandia, Scandinavia
Krystallstruktur
Simple Hexagonal
Historie
In 1879, Lars Fredrik Nilson and his team detected scandium in the minerals euxenite and gadolinite.
Nilson prepared 2 grams of scandium oxide of high purity.
Per Teodor Cleve showed that scandium had properties similar to those predicted by Mendeleev for eka-boron.
Metallic scandium was first prepared in 1937 by Fischer and his colleagues.
Nilson prepared 2 grams of scandium oxide of high purity.
Per Teodor Cleve showed that scandium had properties similar to those predicted by Mendeleev for eka-boron.
Metallic scandium was first prepared in 1937 by Fischer and his colleagues.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 9, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
The stable form of scandium is created in supernovas via the r-process
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
2,989 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1814,15 K | 1541 °C | 2805,8 °F
Kokepunkt
3109,15 K | 2836 °C | 5136,8 °F
Smeltevarme
16 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
318 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,568 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
0,0026%
Forekomst i universet
3×10-6%
CAS Number
7440-20-2
PubChem CID Number
23952
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
162 pm
Kovalent radius
170 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,36 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
6,5615 eV
Molart volum
15,0 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
0,158 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
1, 2, 3
Bruksområder
Scandium is used in sports equipment such as golf iron shafts, baseball bats, bicycle frames and fishing rods.
Scandium iodide, along with sodium iodide, when added to a modified form of mercury-vapor lamp, produces a form of metal halide lamp.
The radioactive isotope 46Sc is used in oil refineries as a tracing agent.
Scandium iodide, along with sodium iodide, when added to a modified form of mercury-vapor lamp, produces a form of metal halide lamp.
The radioactive isotope 46Sc is used in oil refineries as a tracing agent.
Scandium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
45ScUstabile isotoper
36Sc, 37Sc, 38Sc, 39Sc, 40Sc, 41Sc, 42Sc, 43Sc, 44Sc, 46Sc, 47Sc, 48Sc, 49Sc, 50Sc, 51Sc, 52Sc, 53Sc, 54Sc, 55Sc, 56Sc, 57Sc, 58Sc, 59Sc, 60Sc