Vanadium

23
V
Gruppe
5
Periode
4
Blokk
d
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
23
23
28
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
23
Atomvekt
50,9415
Massetall
51
Kategori
Transisjonsmetaller
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
Named after Scandinavian goddess, Vanadis
Krystallstruktur
Body Centered Cubic
Historie
Vanadium was originally discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801.

In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.

In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.

Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 11, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
V
Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
6,11 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
2183,15 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F
Kokepunkt
3680,15 K | 3407 °C | 6164,6 °F
Smeltevarme
22,8 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
453 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,489 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
0,019%
Forekomst i universet
0,0001%
Vanadium
Bildekreditter: Images-of-elements
Vanadium crystals made by electrolysis
CAS Number
7440-62-2
PubChem CID Number
23990
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
134 pm
Kovalent radius
153 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,63 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
6,8281 eV
Molart volum
8,78 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
0,307 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Bruksområder
Vanadium is used as an additive in steel to strengthen and protect against corrosion.

Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.

Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.

Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
All vanadium compounds should be considered toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
51V
Ustabile isotoper
40V, 41V, 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V, 52V, 53V, 54V, 55V, 56V, 57V, 58V, 59V, 60V, 61V, 62V, 63V, 64V, 65V