Rubidium

37
Rb
Gruppe
1
Periode
5
Blokk
s
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
37
37
48
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
37
Atomvekt
85,4678
Massetall
85
Kategori
Alkalimetaller
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
Krystallstruktur
Body Centered Cubic
Historie
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.

The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.

The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Kr] 5s1
Rb
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
1,532 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Kokepunkt
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Smeltevarme
2,19 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
72 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,363 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
0,006%
Forekomst i universet
1×10-6%
Rubidium
Bildekreditter: Wikimedia Commons (Dnn87)
Rubidium metal sample from the Dennis s.k collection
CAS Number
7440-17-7
PubChem CID Number
5357696
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
248 pm
Kovalent radius
220 pm
Elektronegativitet
0,82 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
4,1771 eV
Molart volum
55,9 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
0,582 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
-1, 1
Bruksområder
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.

Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.

Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.

Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
85Rb
Ustabile isotoper
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb