Gadolinium
64
Gd
Gruppe
I/T
Periode
6
Blokk
f
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
64
64
93
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
64
Atomvekt
157,25
Massetall
157
Kategori
Lantanoider
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
From gadolinite, a mineral named for Gadolin, a Finnish chemist
Krystallstruktur
Simple Hexagonal
Historie
Gadolinium was first detected spectroscopically in 1880 by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac who separated its oxide.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Gadolinium has the highest neutron cross-section among any stable nuclides
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
7,895 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1585,15 K | 1312 °C | 2393,6 °F
Kokepunkt
3546,15 K | 3273 °C | 5923,4 °F
Smeltevarme
10 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
305 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,236 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
0,00052%
Forekomst i universet
2×10-7%
CAS Number
7440-54-2
PubChem CID Number
23982
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
180 pm
Kovalent radius
196 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,2 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
6,1501 eV
Molart volum
19,9 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
0,106 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
1, 2, 3
Bruksområder
Gadolinium is used to make gadolinium yttrium garnets which have microwave applications.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
Gadolinium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
154Gd, 155Gd, 156Gd, 157Gd, 158Gd, 160GdUstabile isotoper
134Gd, 135Gd, 136Gd, 137Gd, 138Gd, 139Gd, 140Gd, 141Gd, 142Gd, 143Gd, 144Gd, 145Gd, 146Gd, 147Gd, 148Gd, 149Gd, 150Gd, 151Gd, 152Gd, 153Gd, 159Gd, 161Gd, 162Gd, 163Gd, 164Gd, 165Gd, 166Gd, 167Gd, 168Gd, 169Gd