Erbium

68
Er
Gruppe
I/T
Periode
6
Blokk
f
Protoner
Elektroner
Nøytroner
68
68
99
Generelle egenskaper
Atomnummer
68
Atomvekt
167,259
Massetall
167
Kategori
Lantanoider
Farge
Sølv
Radioaktiv
Nei
Erbium was named after Ytterby, a town in Sweden
Krystallstruktur
Simple Hexagonal
Historie
Erbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.

Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.

In these fractions he found that the fraction that contained the pink color was erbium.
Elektroner per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2
Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Xe] 4f12 6s2
Er
The highest concentration of erbium in humans is in the bones
Fysikalske egenskaper
Fase
Fast stoff
Tetthet
9,066 g/cm3
Smeltepunkt
1802,15 K | 1529 °C | 2784,2 °F
Kokepunkt
3141,15 K | 2868 °C | 5194,4 °F
Smeltevarme
19,9 kJ/mol
Fordampningsvarme
285 kJ/mol
Spesifikk varmekapasitet
0,168 J/g·K
Forekomst i jordskorpa
0,0003%
Forekomst i universet
2×10-7%
Ultrapure
Bildekreditter: Images-of-elements
Ultrapure erbium with cut traces
CAS Number
7440-52-0
PubChem CID Number
23980
Atomegenskaper
Atomradius
176 pm
Kovalent radius
189 pm
Elektronegativitet
1,24 (Pauling-skalaen)
Ioniseringsenergi
6,1077 eV
Molart volum
18,4 cm3/mol
Termisk ledningsevne
0,143 W/cm·K
Oksidasjonstilstander
3
Bruksområder
Erbium is used in photographic filters to absorb infrared light.

Erbium oxide gives a pink color and has been used as a colorant in glasses and porcelain enamel glazes.

It is also used in nuclear technology in neutron-absorbing control rods.

Erbium is used in alloys especially with vanadium to decrease the hardness of metals.
Erbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotoper
Stabile isotoper
162Er, 164Er, 166Er, 167Er, 168Er, 170Er
Ustabile isotoper
143Er, 144Er, 145Er, 146Er, 147Er, 148Er, 149Er, 150Er, 151Er, 152Er, 153Er, 154Er, 155Er, 156Er, 157Er, 158Er, 159Er, 160Er, 161Er, 163Er, 165Er, 169Er, 171Er, 172Er, 173Er, 174Er, 175Er, 176Er, 177Er